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The end: writing the final chapter of your novel

Writing the final chapter of a novel is both a challenge and an opportunity for any writer. It’s the culmination of everything that’s come before it, and it has the power to leave a lasting impression on the reader. The final chapter must tie up loose ends, provide emotional resolution, and, ideally, evoke a sense of closure or reflection. Whether it’s an uplifting conclusion, a twist ending, or an open-ended finale, how you choose to end your novel can significantly affect how your readers perceive the entire story.

Perfecting the last chapter of your novel may lead to new beginnings.

The final chapter of a novel often undergoes significant changes between the first draft and the last revision. In the early stages, the conclusion might be rough, overly simplistic, or even unfinished, as writers are more focused on getting the story down than they are on perfecting the ending. Over the course of revisions, the final chapter may evolve in response to changes in the plot, character arcs, or themes that emerged during the drafting process.

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Larry Brooks’ Story Structure

The Larry Brooks story structure is one that I have used several times and find to be very useful when planning a novel. It is a structure that I will detail here in depth because – to me – it seems to be one of the more effective methods of outlining a novel.

Image generated using artificial intelligence.

Brooks is a writing coach, author, and speaker known for his expertise in the craft of storytelling. He is the author of several books on writing, including Story Engineering: Mastering the 6 Core Competencies of Successful Writing; Story Physics: Harnessing the Underlying Forces of Storytelling; and Great Stories Don’t Write Themselves: Criteria-Driven Strategies for More Effective Fiction. Brooks is also the founder of Storyfix.com, a website dedicated to helping writers develop their storytelling skills. Brooks’ approach to writing emphasizes the importance of structure, character development, and genre expectations. He believes that successful stories must meet certain criteria, and that writers who understand these criteria can create stories that are more engaging, satisfying, and marketable.

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Story Structure: In Medias Res

The concept of “in medias res” (Latin for “in the midst of things”) in novel writing dates back to ancient Greek and Roman literature. The Roman poet and philosopher Horace wrote about the technique in his Ars Poetica (The Art of Poetry), which was published around 18 BCE. In this work, he advised poets to begin their stories in the middle of the action, rather than at the beginning, in order to grab the reader’s attention and create a sense of urgency. As a novel writing technique, in media res also involves beginning a story in the middle of the action, rather than at the beginning, in order to capture the reader’s attention and create a sense of immediacy and urgency.

The Iliad is an early example of a story that began in the middle of the action. Image generated using AI.

One of the earliest examples of in medias res can be found in Homer’s epic poem, The Iliad, which begins in the middle of the Trojan War, rather than at the beginning. This technique was also used by other ancient Greek and Roman writers, including Virgil in his epic poem, The Aeneid.

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Three-act story structure

The three-act story structure is the most commonly used basic story structure in modern storytelling, and it consists of a setup, confrontation, and resolution. While the origins of the three-act structure are difficult to trace, it has been used in storytelling for centuries and is often attributed to Aristotle, who wrote about the importance of dramatic structure in Poetics.

The three act story structure may be as old as stories themselves! Image created with Canva Free AI Image Generator.

The basic structure of each of the three acts follows:

  1. The Setup: This is the first act of the story, where the characters and their world are introduced. The Setup establishes the status quo and introduces the main character, their goals, and the obstacles they will need to overcome.
  2. The Confrontation: This is the second act of the story, where the main character faces increasing obstacles and challenges on their journey toward their goal. The Confrontation is where the story’s tension and conflict typically reach their peak, as the protagonist struggles to overcome their biggest obstacles.
  3. The Resolution: This is the final act of the story, where the main character faces the climax of the story and resolves the central conflict. The Resolution typically includes a sense of closure, as the protagonist achieves their goal or is transformed by their journey.
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